Rankings · Democratic Republic of the Congo

Presidents

• Real GDP during each president's tenureBanque Centrale du Congo, national accounts (real GDP at constant 2005 prices, as the bank publishes them on its statistics pages), yearly; the bank's figure for the current year, a projection, is left out
• Real GDP per person during each president's tenureBanque Centrale du Congo, national accounts (real GDP at constant 2005 prices, as the bank publishes them on its statistics pages), yearly; the bank's figure for the current year, a projection, is left out, over the population (World Bank, the UN's estimates; no census since 1984)
• Inflation (CPI) during each president's tenureInstitut National de la Statistique consumer price index, change on the same month a year earlier: as the IMF compiles it to November 2012 (2010 left out: the IMF's index is re-based in January 2010 without a link), then as the Banque Centrale du Congo publishes it
• Consumer prices (CPI) during each president's tenureInstitut National de la Statistique consumer price index, all items, as the Banque Centrale du Congo publishes it, monthly from December 2011
• Exchange rate during each president's tenureBanque Centrale du Congo's rate of the Congolese franc to the US dollar, monthly average: as the IMF compiles it (exchange rates, period average) from July 1998, when the franc replaced the new zaire, then the mean of the bank's daily indicative rates
• Government debt during each president's tenureIMF World Economic Outlook (GGXWDG_NGDP), general government gross debt, the years the IMF marks actual only (the latest an estimate), yearly
• Population during each president's tenureWorld Bank (SP.POP.TOTL) from the UN's World Population Prospects, mid-year; the last census was in 1984
• Access to electricity during each president's tenureWorld Bank, Global Electrification Database (EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS): household surveys, estimated by the World Bank for the years between them
• Happiness during each president's tenureWorld Happiness Report, Figure 2.1 data (Gallup World Poll): life evaluation, the national average answer to Gallup's question of where on a ladder from 0 (the worst possible life) to 10 (the best) people stand today; each point the average of three years of surveys, dated at the middle one, with the WHR's 95 % interval from 2019; 2013 is not published
• Government effectiveness during each president's tenureWorld Bank, Worldwide Governance Indicators (GOV_WGI_GE.SC): perceptions of the quality of public services, the civil service and of policy-making, a score from 0 to 100 with its 90 % interval
• Regulatory quality during each president's tenureWorld Bank, Worldwide Governance Indicators (GOV_WGI_RQ.SC): perceptions of the government's ability to make and carry out sound rules that let private business form and compete, a score from 0 to 100 with its 90 % interval
• Rule of law during each president's tenureWorld Bank, Worldwide Governance Indicators (GOV_WGI_RL.SC): confidence in contracts, property rights, the police and the courts, a score from 0 to 100 with its 90 % interval
• Control of corruption during each president's tenureWorld Bank, Worldwide Governance Indicators (GOV_WGI_CC.SC): perceptions of public power used for private gain, petty and grand, a score from 0 to 100 with its 90 % interval
• Corruption perceptions index during each president's tenureTransparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI score): perceived public-sector corruption as business people and country experts rate it, comparable from 2012, the score as TI publishes it with its confidence interval
• Voice and accountability during each president's tenureWorld Bank, Worldwide Governance Indicators (GOV_WGI_VA.SC): perceptions of how far citizens can take part in choosing their government, and of freedom of expression, association and the media, a score from 0 to 100 with its 90 % interval
• Electoral democracy index during each president's tenureV-Dem Institute, V-Dem dataset v16 (v2x_polyarchy): the electoral democracy index, free and fair elections with wide suffrage and the freedoms of association and expression that make them count, as V-Dem's country experts rate them, with V-Dem's confidence interval; the 0 to 1 index times 100
• Liberal democracy index during each president's tenureV-Dem Institute, V-Dem dataset v16 (v2x_libdem): the liberal democracy index, electoral democracy plus the checks on the executive and the rights of the person, as V-Dem's country experts rate them, with V-Dem's confidence interval; the 0 to 1 index times 100
• Freedom of expression during each president's tenureV-Dem Institute, V-Dem dataset v16 (v2x_freexp_altinf): the freedom of expression and alternative sources of information index, the press, academic and private speech and the media's independence, as V-Dem's country experts rate them, with V-Dem's confidence interval; the 0 to 1 index times 100
• Political stability during each president's tenureWorld Bank, Worldwide Governance Indicators (GOV_WGI_PV.SC): perceptions of the likelihood of political instability or politically motivated violence, terrorism included, a score from 0 to 100 with its 90 % interval