Liberal democracy index during each president's tenure

Every president since 1991, ranked by how the liberal democracy index changed from their first day in office. Politare shows what happened during a tenure; it does not claim the office-holder caused it.

#	President	In office	Total	Per year	Chart
1	Denis Sassou Nguesso	25 Oct 1997 – now	+4.9 points 1997 → 2025	+0.2 points/yr
2	UPADS Pascal Lissouba	31 Aug 1992 – 25 Oct 1997	−13.0 points 1992 → 1997	−2.6 points/yr

Sorted by total, highest first. Every row is indexed to the last count complete before the first day in office ("from" marks a start that had to move because that count had no data, or because the period cut it); Levels are per cent changes, rates are differences in points; "per year" compounds levels and divides rates. Tenures with under 12 months, or under three observations, are left out. points, 0 to 100, V-Dem's 0 to 1 index times 100 · V-Dem Institute, V-Dem dataset v16 (v2x_libdem): the liberal democracy index, electoral democracy plus the checks on the executive and the rights of the person, as V-Dem's country experts rate them, with V-Dem's confidence interval; the 0 to 1 index times 100 · Republic of the Congo data · as of Aug 2026.