Liberal democracy index during each general secretary's tenure

Every general secretary since 1991, ranked by how the liberal democracy index changed from their first day in office. Politare shows what happened during a tenure; it does not claim the office-holder caused it.

#	General secretary	In office	Total	Per year	Chart
1	Nông Đức Mạnh	22 Apr 2001 – 19 Jan 2011	+1.3 points 2000 → 2010	+0.1 points/yr
2	Lê Khả Phiêu	26 Dec 1997 – 22 Apr 2001	+1.0 points 1997 → 2000	+0.3 points/yr
3	Đỗ Mười	27 Jun 1991 – 26 Dec 1997 from 1991	+0.7 points 1991 → 1997	+0.1 points/yr
4	Nguyễn Phú Trọng	19 Jan 2011 – 3 Aug 2024	+0.4 points 2010 → 2024	0.0 points/yr

Sorted by total, highest first. Every row is indexed to the last count complete before the first day in office ("from" marks a start that had to move because that count had no data, or because the period cut it); Levels are per cent changes, rates are differences in points; "per year" compounds levels and divides rates. Tenures with under 12 months, or under three observations, are left out. points, 0 to 100, V-Dem's 0 to 1 index times 100 · V-Dem Institute, V-Dem dataset v16 (v2x_libdem): the liberal democracy index, electoral democracy plus the checks on the executive and the rights of the person, as V-Dem's country experts rate them, with V-Dem's confidence interval; the 0 to 1 index times 100 · Vietnam data · as of Sep 2026.